ZED Audio Leviathan

There may be some of you readers who are not very familiar with the name ZED Audio. Well, you may be much more familiar with it than you thought! ZED Audio began back in 1983, when pro audio engineer and hobbyist Steven Mantz decided to pull up roots from his home in South Africa and move to the United States to start a company specializing in the design and manufacturing of high quality audio amplifiers. Since then, ZED Audio has been responsible for some of the finest 12V equipment available, including the now legendary, original Hifonics amps (hence the connection to the unusual Greek names) as well as some really great gear for a few other companies who no longer exist.

The ZED amplifiers for mobile use are the culmination of over 25 years of experience in the manufacture and design of audio amplifiers. The philosophies ZED Audio uses to design and build their products don’t always follow industry conventional wisdom or accepted beliefs. However, I have yet to audition one of Mr. Mantz’s products that sonically disappoint. For example, ZED Audio recommends load impedances at 4 ohms or higher, although the amps I have tested will drive 2 ohms loads quite well. They also suggest that there is little “sonic magic” in cables, a position with which I wholeheartedly agree. Anyway, while I may not completely agree with everything ZED, there is something to be said for an original thinker who’s willing to go against the grain and build such impressive high quality gear. For those of you who are familiar with the brand, you’ll be happy to know that there are new compact high efficiency models in the works, and we’re going to take a look at the largest of them, the new $695.00 Leviathan, here and now.

Features

According to my dictionary, Leviathan means “huge or gargantuan.” Well, at first glance you may think the latest ZED amp was misnamed, because it’s really not all that huge in size. Measuring 17.5 inches long, 9.75 inches wide and just 2.25 inches tall, the 6 channel Leviathan isn’t much bigger than a lot of 4 channel designs. What is quite different though, is that this is a highly efficient full-range Class D design, and all 6 of the channels are rated for either 150 watts into 4 ohms, or 250 watts into 2 ohms. Now that’s a lot of power in a relatively compact chassis! And when you think about it, there are very few quality amplifiers available with this much power for anywhere near 600 bucks.

It’s a good looking amplifier, with a clear acrylic top panel that shows off the technology and build quality inside. The heat sink is a classically deep finned design with horizontal fins running longitudinally, and is finished in rich looking, dark gray brushed aluminum.

The RCA connections are high-zoot (bitchin’) gold plated panel mounts. Power and speaker connections are fairly standard, with the typical gold plated set screw type terminals that will accept 4 gauge power and 8 gauge speaker cables. Designed to be configurable for virtually any system requirement, the amplifier has a dizzying array of possible configurations and settings, thanks to some thoughtful engineering in the front end.

For example, instead of using 2 separate amplifiers for a 4 channel system with subwoofers, the Leviathan allows you to drive the entire system with a single chassis. And thanks to dedicated crossover functions, you don’t lose any of the signal control you would normally have with a separate sub amp. But there are many other configurations as well, for example you could drive 3 woofers by bridging the 6 channels, or you could use the amplifier to drive a 3-way 2 channel system, with active crossovers on all outputs. The six inputs can be driven by 3 pairs of RCA’s or you can use a traditional 4 channel input configuration and set a switch to drive the channels 5 & 6 with the available signal.

Wide adjustment bandwidth crossovers allow you to select any frequency between 80Hz and 4kHz on channels 1 through 4, and another crossover setup for channels 5 & 6 provides a range of 40 to 240Hz, which is perfectly suited to woofers. To protect woofers from over excursion, there is also a variable frequency subsonic filter. You can also create a bandpass crossover with the simple flip of a switch! All of these crossovers are true 4th order (24dB/Oct) networks, and are fairly easy to understand and adjust, thanks to the logical layout used. The editorialized owner’s manual which was written by Steven Mantz himself, (you should read it for the education factor if nothing else) shows at least 15 different configurations the amp can be utilized in!

Because this is a ZED amp, one automatically expects above average sonic performance, and to that end, the Leviathan uses high performance Burr-Brown DAC’s in the front end.

Other unusual features of the Leviathan include individual clipping indicators for each of the six channels, and the name ZED lights up in bright blue surface mount LED’s when the amp turns on. There is also a protection LED, as well as an end panel mounted power LED.

Design

Most of the previous five and six channel amplifiers I’ve seen have been relatively modest in terms of power output. This was primarily due to factors such as size and cost. The ZED Audio Leviathan seems to have overcome these obstacles by implementing their full range Class D design, and a cleverly designed power supply.

The school of thought used in the Leviathan (as well as the new 2 channel Kronos) is that the output section of any amplifier is simply a variable valve between the power supply and the speaker. Because of this, any power fluctuations in the supply will become apparent as distortion in the output. In a Class D amplifier, the output is controlled by a PWM (Pulse Width Modulated) system. The PWM amplifier utilizes
a high frequency “carrier wave” which is modulated by the musical signal. This creates a series of variable width pulses, which in turn are amplified by the output section of the amplifier. This signal is sent through carefully designed filters which remove the carrier wave and re-shape the output back to an analog waveform. To accomplish all this, you need very high quality parts that are capable of very high speed switching of high current. In the Leviathan, there are 12 power supply MOSFETS each capable of 110A of current, and a pair of 29A MOSFETS for each of the six channels.

To make sure none of those devices are ever starved for energy, there is 19,000µF of power supply capacitance, and 16,400µF of secondary capacitance. The final drive from the preamp stage to the amplification stage is done in the balanced domain to prevent noise. Also to that end, the ZED amplifiers all use a fully isolated power supply to prevent ground loops and reduce the possibility of alternator noise entering the system.

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